Leonardo da Vinci was born on April 15, 1452, in the hill town of Vinci, in the Republic of Florence. He was the illegitimate son of Ser Piero da Vinci, a successful notary, and Caterina, a peasant woman. Despite his illegitimate birth, Leonardo was raised in his father's household and received a basic education in reading, writing, and arithmetic.
From an early age, Leonardo displayed extraordinary artistic talent and an insatiable curiosity about the natural world. At around 14, he was apprenticed to Andrea del Verrocchio, one of Florence's leading artists. Under Verrocchio's guidance, Leonardo learned painting, sculpture, and the technical arts, quickly surpassing his master's abilities.